Cocaine is an illicit drug that comes from the leaves of the coca plant. It can also be chemically synthesised.

Cocaine belongs to the ‘stimulant’ class of drugs, which also includes amphetamines (including methamphetamine) and ecstasy. These drugs speed up messages between the brain and the body, resulting in feelings of energy, alertness and confidence.

Cocaine typically comes in two forms: powder or crystal/rock. The powder is usually snorted or rubbed into the gums, and may also be dissolved in water and injected. The crystal/rock form “crack” is usually smoked.

Common street names for cocaine include C, coke, crack, nose candy, snow, white lady, toot, Charlie, blow, white dust and stardust.

Cocaine use stimulates the brain and central nervous system, and can result in a variety of effects. The effect that cocaine has on an individual depends on a number of factors. These include:

•         how much cocaine is taken
•           the method of use
•           the form and purity of the cocaine
•           the height and weight of the user
•           the user’s current physical and mental health status
•           the user’s previous experience with cocaine (i.e. new user vs frequent user)
•          whether other substances (alcohol, tobacco, medications, or other illicit drugs) are used at the same time as cocaine.

Short term effects of cocaine use can include feelings of excitement, happiness, and confidence. People may feel confident, energetic and alert, and have less need for food or sleep. Negative short-term effects include rapid breathing and increased body temperature, heart rate and blood pressure. Some people who use cocaine may behave erratically or aggressively, and may feel restless, irritable, or anxious and paranoid.

For more information about the effects and risks of cocaine use, see FAQ What are the physical and mental health risks of cocaine use?

Cocaine use is associated with a range of negative outcomes for the workplace, including accidents, injuries, absenteeism and low productivity.

Cocaine use can impair concentration, coordination and judgement and produce symptoms of anxiety, paranoia, exhilaration and intolerance to pain and fatigue.

Employees who use cocaine can present a potential danger at work, especially if the user is operating machinery or driving a vehicle.

If you are worried about your own or somebody else’s cocaine use, contact the Alcohol and Drug Information Service (ADIS). The Alcohol and Drug Information Centres are state and territory-based services that offer information, advice, referral, intake, assessment and support. They offer services for individuals, their family and friends, general practitioners, other health professionals, and business and community groups.

To contact ADIS, ring the 24 hour hotline on 1800 250 015 and you will be automatically directed to the ADIS in the state or territory you are calling from.