The effect that tobacco has on an individual depends on a number of factors. These include:

• How much is taken/inhaled
• The method of use
• The height and weight of the user
• The user’s current physical and mental health status
• The user’s previous experience with tobacco (i.e. new user vs frequent user)
• Whether other substances (alcohol, medications, illicit drugs) are used at the same time.

The immediate effects of tobacco consumption include increased heart rate, higher blood pressure, and muscle relaxation. Nicotine also stimulates the brain stem and stomach, which can cause nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea when the body isn’t used to it, and it can also reduce appetite and alter taste. Tobacco use is associated with improved mood, concentration and memory in the short-term, although long-term use can lead to increased risk of cognitive impairment.

People who smoke tobacco regularly may build up a tolerance to these effects.

Tobacco use also has a range of extremely serious long-term health consequences. More information about these can be found in the FAQ what are the health risks of using tobacco?

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